منابع مشابه
Bias in case-control studies of screening effectiveness.
Screening programs, such as annual mammography, are undertaken to reduce mortality and/or morbidity from chronic diseases such as cancer. Matched case-control studies have been used to assess the effectiveness of screening programs because of their relative simplicity and low cost. In such studies, the exposure history for controls consists of the number of screening examinations received prior...
متن کاملUncovering selection bias in case-control studies using Bayesian poststratifictation
Selection bias can affect odds ratio estimation in particular in case-control studies. Approaches to discovering and adjusting for selection bias have been proposed in the literature using graphical and heuristic tools as well as more complex statistical methods. The approach we propose is based on a survey weighting method termed Bayesian post-stratification and follows from the conditional in...
متن کاملAdjusting for selection bias in retrospective, case-control studies.
Retrospective case-control studies are more susceptible to selection bias than other epidemiologic studies as by design they require that both cases and controls are representative of the same population. However, as cases and control recruitment processes are often different, it is not always obvious that the necessary exchangeability conditions hold. Selection bias typically arises when the s...
متن کاملHypothesis Tests for Neyman’s Bias in Case-Control Studies
Survival bias is a long-recognized problem in case-control studies, and many varieties of bias can come under this umbrella term. We focus on one of them, termed Neyman’s bias or “prevalence-incidence bias.” It occurs in case-control studies when exposure affects both disease and disease-induced mortality, and we give a formula for the observed, biased odds ratio under such conditions. We compa...
متن کاملBias due to differential participation in case-control studies and review of available approaches for adjustment
OBJECTIVES Low response rates in epidemiologic research potentially lead to the recruitment of a non-representative sample of controls in case-control studies. Problems in the unbiased estimation of odds ratios arise when characteristics causing the probability of participation are associated with exposure and outcome. This is a specific setting of selection bias and a realistic hazard in many ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health
سال: 1990
ISSN: 0143-005X
DOI: 10.1136/jech.44.3.179